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The U.S. House election, 1918 was an election for the United States House of Representatives on 1918-11-05 which occurred in the middle of President Woodrow Wilson's second term.
With the country now in World War I (contrary to previous promises by Wilson), and Wilson's personal popularity ebbing, the Republican Party was able to gain 25 seats and take over control of the House from Wilson's Democratic Party. Internal divide among Democratic leadership over aspects related to payment of the war also decreased the unity of the party, which had been the organization's strength during the decade. The Progressive Party also disappeared, with its former members generally becoming Democrats. Minnesota's Farmer-Labor Party, a descendant of populism, also gained its very first seat.
Frederick H. Gillett (R-Massachusetts) became Speaker, and previous speaker Champ Clark (D-Missouri) became Minority Leader.
Contents |
| Party | Total seats |
Change | Seat percentage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Republican Party | 240 | 25 | 55.2% |
| Democratic Party | 192 | 22 | 44.2% |
| Prohibition Party | 1 | 0 | 0.2% |
| Farmer-Labor Party | 1 | 0.2% | |
| Totals | 4351 | 100.0% |
1 One vacancy, Victor L. Berger, a member of the Socialist Party of America, whom the House refused to seat.
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama 1 | Oscar Lee Gray | Democratic | 1914 | Retired Democratic hold |
John McDuffie (D) Unopposed |
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California 1 | Clarence F. Lea | Democratic | 1916 | Re-elected | Clarence F. Lea (D) (unopposed) |
| California 2 | John E. Raker | Democratic | 1910 | Re-elected | John E. Raker (D) (unopposed) |
| California 3 | Charles F. Curry | Republican | 1912 | Re-elected | Charles F. Curry (R) 91.6% Allen K. Gifford (S) 8.4% |
| California 4 | Julius Kahn | Republican | 1898 | Re-elected | Julius Kahn (R) 86.6% William Short (S) 13.4% |
| California 5 | John I. Nolan | Republican | 1912 | Re-elected | John I. Nolan (R) 87% Thomas F. Feeley (S) 13% |
| California 6 | John A. Elston | Republican | 1912 | Re-elected | John A. Elston (R) 88.4% Luella Twining (S) 11.6% |
| California 7 | Denver S. Church | Democratic | 1912 | Retired Republican gain |
Henry E. Barbour (R) 52.1% Henry Hawson (D) 47.9% |
| California 8 | Everis A. Hayes | Republican | 1904 | Lost re-election Democratic gain |
Hugh S. Hersman (D) 53% Everis A. Hayes (R) 47% |
| California 9 | Charles H. Randall | Prohibition | 1914 | Re-elected | Charles H. Randall (Proh.) 53% Montaville Flowers (R) 43.3% Grace Silver Henry (S) 3.7% |
| California 10 | Henry Z. Osborne | Republican | 1916 | Re-elected | Henry Z. Osborne (R) 88.2% James H. Ryckman (S) 11.8% |
| California 11 | William Kettner | Democratic | 1912 | Re-elected | William Kettner (D) 72.2% N. D. Hamilton (Proh.) 27.8% |
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